Appraisal of Biofertilizers in Rice: To Supplement Inorganic Chemical Fertilizer

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2018.10.006

Abstract

Abstract:

A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of inoculating rice seedlings with biofertilizers (Azospirillum and Trichoderma) in order to reduce the use of chemical inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer on rice variety BU Dhan 1. The plant performances were better when 25% less inorganic N was applied with Trichoderma and combined application of Trichoderma and Azospirillum. Plants contained the highest chlorophyll concentrations when they were treated with 75% N + Trichoderma. Considering the yield attributes, 75% N + Trichoderma and 75% N + Trichoderma + Azospirillum performed similar to the control. The grain yield of rice was similar to the recommended dose even with 25% less N application. Application of Trichoderma resulted higher yield, followed by combined application with Azospirillum. Results revealed the greater scope of applying biofertilizer (Trichoderma) to supplement chemical N fertilizer with optimum yield of rice.

Key words: Azospirillum, biofertilizer, inorganic chemical fertilizer, rice, Trichoderma, nitrogen

Iqbal Khan Haider. Appraisal of Biofertilizers in Rice: To Supplement Inorganic Chemical Fertilizer[J]. Rice Science, 2018, 25(6): 357-362.

Figures/Tables 3

Table 1 Effects of biofertilizers (Azospirillum and Trichoderma) and nitrogen (N) on yield and yield contributing characters of rice.

Treatment	Plant height (cm)	No. of tillers per hill	No. of effective tillers per hill	Panicle length (cm)	No. of grains per panicle	1000-grain weight (g)	Grain yield (g/plant)
No fertilizer	102.73 c	17.6 c	14.9 c	26.09 c	49.05 c	27.91 a	20.87 c
100% N	127.24 a	26.7 a	23.5 a	30.02 a	58.40 a	28.82 a	42.24 a
75% N	115.40 c	22.3 b	19.5 b	26.37 b	53.98 b	26.81 b	29.27 b
75% N + Azospirillum	120.37 b	22.9 b	20.5 b	27.09 b	53.16 b	26.94 b	29.84 b
75% N + Trichoderma	131.38 a	25.1 a	23.5 a	29.93 a	56.88 a	29.36 a	41.09 a
75% N + Trichoderma + Azospirillum	130.01 a	25.0 a	24.5 a	29.03 a	56.53 a	28.94 a	40.07 a

Fig. 1. Effects of biofertilizers (Azospirillum and Trichoderma) and nitrogen on apparent nitrogen recovery (ANR), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and physiological nitrogen efficiency (PNE) of rice. N, Nitrogen; Az, Azospirillum; Tr, Trichoderma. Vertical bars represent the significant level at P ≤ 0.05 of the least significance difference test.

Fig. 2. Effects of biofertilizers (Azospirillum and Trichoderma) and nitrogen on chlorophyll content of rice plant leaf.U, Urea; Az, Azospirillum; Tr, Trichoderma.Vertical bars represent the significant level at P ≤ 0.05 of LSD.

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